Mi ara tebdu tazmert n tudert seg uxxam

Aṭṭan n Ebola deg Tegduda Tadimuqraṭit n Kungu d Uganda, tuɣalin n tazɣert, akked lḥala n uxxam n yimeɣbanen, sseknent-d yiwet n tidet: tiɣriyin n tazmert ur beddunt ara yal tikkelt deg usensu. Beddunt deg yixxamen, deg iɣerbazen, deg ttɣal n usikel, deg texxamin ur nettɣaẓ ara, d twaculin i yettwarzen ad semdint ayen ur d-yettak ara unagraw azayez.

Ass n 17 Mayyu 2026, Tuddsa n Tazmert n Umaḍal tenna-d belli Ebola deg Tegduda Tadimuqraṭit n Kungu d Uganda d tagnit n tazmert tazayezt n umḍal. Ar 28 Mayyu, Reuters tenna llan 1 077 n yisallen i yettwaḥsaben, gar-asen 121 yettwasseknen, akked 246 n lmut i yettwaḥsaben, gar-asen 17 yettwasseknen deg Kungu; Uganda, s wudem-is, tesɛa 8 n yisallen yettwasseknen. Kra n wussan deffir waya, Reuters tenna, s usuter n Africa CDC, belli tiwiziwin n tedrimt i tririt ffɣent seg azal n 500 melyun dollar ar azal n 290 melyun. Talɣut-a teqseḥ: mi ara teḥwaǧ tɣiwant tazmert d usdukkel, adrim yettwaɛehden yuɣal d ayen ur nettwaḍmen ara.

Wagi mačči d afaylu n tibb kan. Ebola yettawi-aɣ ad nwali tazmert am assaɣ amettit. Aṭṭan ur yettnadi ara deg lexla. Iɛedda seg iberdan, seg imeṭṭawen n lmut, seg leswaq, seg twaculin, seg tneflit, seg tugdi, d tɣessa n usfer i yezganen neɣ i yedɛfen. Tririt ttemlil d temsaltin i d-yettbanen d tigensas, maca d timseḍfarin: awḍaf ɣer yidgan i tḥuz tɣiwant, tikli n ttayarat yettwagzem, asiweḍ n yimeɣnasen d tɣawsiwin, taflest deg yisuddas. Deg tɣiwant am ta, laboratuwar ur d-ikeččem ara iman-is. War imeɣnasen n wadeg, war inagan n tɣiwant, war asegzi ufhim, war tadawsa s lḥerma, tazmert tettmeslay d teskraft, d leɛya, d tuggdi. Deg wakud-nni, aṭṭan yeskan-d ayen i ḥemmlen yisuddas ad ffrent: ur tezmir ara ad tḥarzeḍ agdud s yiwen n umagrad uffiɣ kan.

Tiwaculin deg ubrid amezwaru

Deg waṭas n tmettiyin n Tafriqt, tawacult teqqim d adeg amezwaru n usfer. Tettdu d umuḍin, tettḥareb ɣef warrac, tettqelleb adrim n usikel, tettɣemmes ddwa i ixuṣṣen, tettmeslay d uɣerbaz, tettḥadar imɣaren, tettawi leɛḍil d lexṣara n umasal. Lḥala-a tettwaseɛɛu am tiwizi. Maca drus i tt-id-yennan s yisem-is mi ara adɛafen yisuddas izayazen: d aɛebbi yettezzi s ssḍel ɣer twaculin.

Mi ara d-yekker waṭṭan, mi ara tuɣal tazɣert d amihi, mi ara uxxam ur yettḥaraz ara, mi ara aɣerbaz ur yesɛi ara aman neɣ tahwa, tiwaculin ttnadin ḥulfan. Yemma teqqim d mmi-s yesɛan lḥumra ur teẓri ara ma ilaq ad truḥ ɣer usensu. Baba yettḥadar ad ixesser ass n uxeddim acku takonsultasyon txeṣṣer. Tamatut tettens deg texxamt iḥman acku axxam ur yettnefs ara. Aqcic ikeččem ɣer tneɣrit d aɛyan, war aman deg yiman-is, ur yezmir ara ad yessefhem. Tawacult ur tettsemid ara kan waddad; tettawi daɣen afrad n usikel, aman, tahwa, aḥareb, ddwa, absensi deg uxeddim d wakud n ledara. Tagnit n tazmert ur tebdu ara s lʼambulance. Tebdu s tifratin timectuḥin i yettɛeẓẓben imeɣbanen.

Tazɣert tessebgan ugar ayagi. OMS tessegza-d belli stress n tazɣert d amihi ameqqran i tazmert: yettrennu lḥala n wul, nnefs, tabaddit d wallaɣ, yezmer ad d-yawi lmut s tazɣert. Ayagi mačči d awal amatu. Ibeddel anamek n uxxam. Taxxamt ur nettwaḥseb ara, taqerṭ n wuzzal, ulac isekla, ur yettwaḍmen ara waman, ur tella ara tahwa, yal yiwen seg waya yuɣal d ameskar n tazmert. Lḥiḍ ur yeqqim ara d lḥiḍ kan. Yuɣal d tilisa gar uḥraz d usuffeɣ ɣer umihi.

OMS tessegza daɣen belli tazɣert i yettḥulfu umdan ddaw yiṭij tezmer ad tili s 10 ar 15°C ugar n tazɣert yettwakksen. Ayagi ibeddel tudert n yal ass deg uḥriq n uɣerbaz, ddaw tqerḍin n tmeddit, deg yidgan n trambiyat, deg yixeddimen war tahwa d yixxamen ur yettnuzu ara wawal. Anezwi yettini-d imḍan; tiwaculin ttidirent taswiɛt. Gar-asen tella tɣara n lebni, awḍaf ɣer waman, tili, tazmert n useḥbes, azref n usteɛfu, d tzemmert n ledara ad tɛedda send.

Tazrawt n 2026 i d-yettwabderen deg tneɣrit n uɛessas ɣef kra n yimezdaɣ ur nelli ara d uffiɣ deg Nairobi d Dar es-Salaam teskan-d belli tazɣert deg uxxam tezmer ad tili s 9°C ugar n berra deg kra n yixxamen. Imḍan-a ur ilaq ara ad yettuseqdac ɣef akk tiɣermawin n Tafriqt, maca yeskan-d tidet tameqqrant: tazɣert i ttidiren imeɣbanen mačči d tin n tneɣrit n unezwi. Tettwaḥbes deg lḥiḍan, tettwaḥrez deg yiḍ, tettwasber i warrac, imɣaren, imuḍan d tlawin i yettidiren ugar deg uxxam.

Aɣerbaz: aḥraz neɣ amihi

Aɣerbaz yettwasbadu d adeg n uzekka. Deg tɣiwant n tazmert neɣ n umezruy n unezwi, yuɣal d asekyed n wass-a. Yesɛa aman i tissit? Tineɣriwin sɛant tahwa? Iselmaden ẓran ad ɛerqen lɛya n tazɣert? Ilugan n tazmert fhamen-ten twaculin? Arrac zemren ad qqimen deg uxxam war ma yuɣal lɣiyab d ugur n uɛeddi neɣ n tedrimt?

Aɣerbaz yezmer ad yeḥrez. Yezmer ad yessawed tigawin yelhan, ad yaf lḥala taderɣalt, ad yesdukkel talɣut, ad yessefsus ɣef twaculin. Maca yezmer daɣen ad yuɣal d ameskar n umihi ma yella yeččur s warrac deg tneɣriwin iḥman, ma yella yettsuter i yimawlan ayen ur d-yettak ara usuddes, ma yella yal tagnit yuɣal d asuter seg ufella war allal. Tasertit n tazmert i yettun aɣerbaz tettun arrac. Tasertit n uɣerbaz i yettun tazmert tettun acuɣer ara yelmed neɣ ur yelmid ara weqcic.

Ayagi yezzi i Ebola kan. Yezzi i tazɣert, i waṭṭanen n nnefs, i waman, i leɛya. Deg yiɣerman n yimeɣbanen, aɣerbaz yezmer ad yili d lbinayan azayez waḥdes i d-yettbanen deg tudert n twaculin. Yessefk-as azal ameqqran. Maca ur nezmir ara ad as-nsuter ad yili d anẓar, d asensu, d ammas amettit, d adeg n ulmad, war ma nefka-yas allalen.

Axxam d tɣessa n tazmert

Axxam amettit i d-yettwaɛedlen neɣ i d-yettwaɛahden yettwasbadu s yimḍanen: amḍan n tɣawsiwin, ssuma, lweqt, wid ara t-yawin. Ayagi d drus. Axxam d tasertit n tazmert daɣen. Yettbeddil tazmert n yiḍes, n usired, n usewwi, n umyawi, n tahwa, n ulmad, d uḥareb ɣef umuḍin war ma yettwazuzer uṭṭan deg uxxam. Axxam i ḍeyqen yettara aṭṭan d temsalt n kul yiwen. Axxam iḥman yettara unebdu d taɣawsa n tfekka. Axxam ibeɛden ɣef yisuddas yettara yal takonsultasyon d ssuma ugar.

Deg Tunes, tanbaḍt tenna-d deg Yennayer 2026 ahil n azal n 5 000 n yixxamen imettiten ar 2030, s tazwara n 1 213 n tɣawsiwin deg 11 n lwilayat. Imḍan yesɛa azal, maca ur ikfi ara. Asemres n tazmert n wahil am wa ad yili s tɣara n lebni deg tazɣert, awḍaf ɣer waman, aqreb n iɣerbazen d yisensuyen, usikel, d tzemmert n twaculin ad ddren deg wadeg ur yettwaɛraḍ ara. Amettit ur yettwaktil ara kan s umḍan n tsura i d-yettunefken. Yettwaktil s wayen ara yessireg uxxam i twaculin: tudert yelhan, aṭṭan drus, aḥraz n warrac, usikel drus, d tazmert ad ɛeddin tazɣert war ma ɣlin.

Deg Tamazɣa, Sahel d Tafriqt ddaw n Sahara, tanbaḍin ḥemmlent ad ferqent ifuyla: tazmert yiwen, axxam wayeḍ, aɣerbaz deg wadeg nniḍen, amezruy n unezwi daɣen. Tudert n yal ass ur tessin ara tilisa-a n ledara. Tawacult tameɣbant tettidir kullec akken. Yiwen n umasal yettawi usikel, ddwa, taqerɛet n waman, ventilateur, lkiraya, akked ukerrus n uɣerbaz. Yiwet n tmeṭṭut tettdu d weqcic amuḍin, tettheggi imensi, tettḥadar amɣar, tettqelleb talɣut n tazmert, tettmeslay d ledara. Yiwet n texxamt i yiḍes, i ulmad, i tdukkla n tfekka, d wakken i usfer tikwal.

Tazmert n tɣiwant mačči d lḥaja n zyada

Tiɣriyin tineggura ssawalent-d yiwet n tidet tasertant: tazmert n tɣiwant mačči d afran n tewizi i tmura timeɣbanin. D tasarut n waddad amettit. Imeɣnasen n wadeg, tuddsiwin n tɣiwant, inefruyen n yiɣerman, inagan n uɣerbaz, imedwalen n tazmert d tizemmar n tlawin, ẓran ugar n ledara acu i yeḍran s tidet. Walan arrac ur d-nusi ara, lḥumra yettwaffren, tiwaculin i yeǧǧan asfer, ixxamen ur nettnefs ara, imɣaren yettwarran waḥd-sen deg tazɣert.

Maca imdanen-a ttwaṭṭfen deg tɣiwant n wawal, syin ttwaṭṭun deg budǧi. Ttwasutren ad ɛeqlen, ad suqlen, ad qennɛen, ad ssusmen tugdi, tikwal ad awin amihi, war addad yerked neɣ adrim yedumen. Taggara tettwassen: deg tɣiwant, nettuɣal nettaf azal n uɣrem; deg budǧi, nettuɣal ɣer lmarkaz, ɣer yisuddas imeqqranen, ɣer ilɣa i d-yettbanen.

Tamukrist mačči d asebded n usensu mgal aɣrem. Asensu ilaq. Maca asensu yettawed-d tikwal s wudem n taggara deg ubrid amettit n waṭṭan. Send-as, llan waman, axxam, taflest, aɣerbaz, usikel, talɣut, d tzemmert n twacult ad teǧǧ axeddim i takonsultasyon. Tasertit tazayezt i yettwali kan sarir n usensu tettwali amuḍin meẓẓi. Tasertit i tebdu seg uxxam, aɣerbaz d tɣiwant tettwali tamettit send ma terreẓ.

Ebola, tazɣert, axxam d uɣerbaz ur llin ara d tabdart yettferqen. Ttaran-d yiwet n tkarḍa: tidganin anda tiwaculin ttṣubbunt, tikwal waḥd-sent, mgal imihiyen ur qqimen ara d imezḍayen. Asteqsi mačči kan acḥal n tɣiwant ara zemren yidawlen ad frun. Asteqsi d acḥal ara qqiment twaculin d amdan i yettawi ufrar n yisuddas izayazen i d-yettasen deffir leɛya.

Samia Aït Salem